Research on second language acquisition highlights the critical role of interaction for language learning, and current teaching methods encourage teachers to employ collaborative learning approaches utilizing pair and group activities. Still, classroom teachers often struggle to engage learners in activities that require collaboration with their classmates for successful completion. Learners may not feel comfortable interacting with others, not know how to interact collaboratively, nor have the language to do so. This session outlines the conditions that support collaboration between learners when participating in communicative and task-based language learning. These conditions include having a sense of class community, the establishment of interactional norms, learners’ facility with interactional language, and the design of tasks that require the collaborative involvement of all learners. Participants will leave this session with practical guidance for establishing these necessary conditions in their own classrooms to enhance the level of learner-to-learner collaboration.